Gracefield Island is another new joint project between the Lagos state government and Gravitas Investment Limited and it is expected to cover 100 hectares of land of the Lagos lagoon at the Northern end of the Chevron Way and the Northern Offshore of the Ajiran Land. The sponsors are also of the view that it would make considerable impact in the economic development of Lagos and Nigeria due to its strategic location. Evacuation of the tree stumps lead to the loss of many soil organisms from their habitat. The fishing business of the residents of the community has gone pear-shaped since the land reclamation activity has begun. Despite the negative consequences of coastal land reclamation to aquatic species, it can add some economic value if used for non-intrusive agricultural activities. How? Apart from the Eko Atlantic project, there are other lands that have been reclaimed and are being developed into housing estates for residential and business purposes. The swamps are scooped away or reinforced with sand and concrete in other to produce a hard surface on which to construct foundations of buildings. The colonization of pioneer species will accelerate the establishment of other successional stages (e.g. For instance, The United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat), in its article that x-rayed condition of the world cities titled Cities at Risk from Rising Sea Levels categorises Lagos as one of 50 cities most exposed to extreme sea levels. We have carried out some investigations. Books > All land comprised in the territory of each state in Nigeria are vested in the governor of that state and such land shall be held in trust and administered for the use and . Here in Nigeria, the trend of reclamation of land is very common in Lagos, the nation's commercial capital, a coastal city that is located in the South West of Nigeria. ( See also city; urban planning .) It is a regular progress or change by plant and animal due to natural or anthropogenic disturbances. Surrounding areas of the swamps are usually dredged and sand-filled to enable it to support the mounting of crude oil well head and the laying of pipelines (Figure 5). This is because of land expansion activities such as urban development. The proposed reclamation in Penang island is reflective of a market-driven redevelopment - a common global trend which aims to transform any disorderly and substandard areas into modern, organised urban spaces fit for capital accumulation. Simplicity and transparency. The city was the capital of Nigeria between 1960 and 1975. The procedure attempts to convert unused land into useable land and contributes to the expansion of the land area, the creation of habitat for [] The investment company of Lagos state, Ibile Holding Company is carrying out the project on behalf of the state. The conversion of a coastal area to a terrestrial area via developmental projects is a human-mediated succession. The cost of land appreciates and has no depreciative value. The problem of this action is that the nipa palm forest after being cleared is repossessed by the government for infrastructural developments, which rather than reduce the negative effect worsen the situation of the coast. By making research easy to access, and puts the academic needs of the researchers before the business interests of publishers. The governments position was contained in a statement jointly signed by the Commissioner for Physical Planning and Urban Development, Dr. Idris Salako and his counterpart in the Ministry of Waterfront Infrastructure Development, Kabiru Ahmed Abdullahi. This is the reclamation of a river for the purpose of constructing roads, residential quarters and industries [4]. Concrete bases are constructed on this platform to carry the pipes from the drilling point, which may be at an off-shore or on-shore site to the refinery. The dehydration of the intertidal areas cuts off dissolved oxygen and food supply to aquatic species. The Missouri Department of Natural Resources is the administrative authority working through the Missouri Mining Commission. The Copernicus Sentinel-1 mission takes us over part of the Dutch province of Flevolandthe newest province in the Netherlands and one of the largest land reclamation projects in the world. The latter is derived from coastal activities such as oil and gas, shipping, fishing, tourism and commerce. However, their predicament began when a company known as Nigerian Westminster Dredging and Marine Limited commenced sand filling project at Lagos Lagoon, at the foot of Third Mainland Bridge at Oworonshoki. Continuous mining leads to the deformation of the coast lines and the destruction of aquatic organisms, which results in extinction of species. This could lead to permanent loss of mangroves or other plant species of economic/medicinal importance and habitat for marine organisms and wildlife and their emigration to unaffected areas, thereby upsetting the ecological balance. The city is situated on four main islands namely, Lagos, Victoria, Iddo, and Ikoyi which are all connected by a network of bridges. Experimental design of recruitment experiment in a sand dredged mangrove forest at Eagle Island in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Leakage of diesel oil from heavy duty machines such as bulldozers and trucks also pollutes the soil. Land reclamation has been a common practice to produce valuable land in coastal areas . Our fishing nets and traps have been damaged by the mud. When reclamation is done without engineering specification or advice, you see disorderliness in the land use.. 3:02 am. Dredged and sand filled areas in Buguma, Niger Delta, Nigeria. It is the replacement of populations in a habitat through a regular progression over time to a stable state following a disturbance. Statistics have it that China reclaimed 13,455 hectares of land from the sea in 2010, resulting in earnings of more than 7.82 billion yuan.. Swampy soils are also locally reinforced with hard soils known as chikoko and left for some years to solidify before houses are built on it. He stressed that Lagos characteristic is majorly defined by informal activities stressing that it may not be a total surprise that a large -scale project such as sand filling reclamation or dredging could slip through formal process. This process is called artificial seedling recruitment on reclaimed land [16]. roads, buildings, industries and parks. Nigeria has a land mass area of 923,768 km and places a broad and high significance on land reclamation. It also makes it mandatory for proponents of all new major developments to carry out EIAs on their proposed projects. An example is a construction project such as the installation of infrastructure on reclaimed coastal areas e.g. Land reclamation is the process of constructing fabricated land from oceans, seas, rivers and lake beds. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. It also affects soil-dwelling organisms from adverse impact on water and soil quality. This is encapsulated in the Land Use Act promulgated in 1978, which states that all lands in Nigeria belong to the Federal Government, this include but not limited to under-water land that is 200 nautical miles from the shore. Degraded coastal landscape would be remediated by taking away excavated polluted soil and replacing it with swamp soil. Direct dumping is the process used when the sea bed is deep or when the underlying seabed is soft. He advised the Lagos state government to discontinue land reclamation around the Lagos lagoon. Land reclamation in the Niger Delta passes through five phases, which in all ramifications affect the environment. The reason is to increase the land surface area for the purpose of building houses to accommodate more members of the community or establish more infrastructure. It is the responsibility of the Government to protect the land against illegal landscape reclamations. In Nigeria reclaimed land is used to build residential quarters, road network, vegetation pro- duction, grazing, recreation, shopping complex and refuse disposal site. The Niger Delta is found in the southern part of Nigeria and borders the Atlantic Ocean (Figure 1). Invasion of foreign species in coastal areas is another precursor to land reclamation activity aimed at remediating the sites in the Niger Delta region. Land is highly priced and many have died for its sake through fratricidal wars and communal clashes because of its scarcity. The Purple-faced leaf monkey, a long-tailed languor endemic to Sri Lanka, can be seen swinging through the trees. Luloff, James By Jamilah Mohd Salim, Maizatul Azwa Radzi, Sheriza M IntechOpen Limited The attractiveness of the coastline is resulting in population concentrations along the coastline, with a rate of urbanization slightly higher . Potential environmental impact of land reclamation in the Niger Delta, Nigeria. Not surprisingly, the country that is home to the largest population of the region also has by far the largest area under cultivation. mangrove wetlands. Similarly, reckless and indiscriminate hunting in opened forest reduces population and thus reduces species diversity, which may lead to extinction of some species. London, SW7 2QJ, Towns and semi-dense areas, which have a population of at least 5,000 inhabitants in contiguous grid cells with a density of at least 300 inhabitants per km 2; and. Large-scale reclamation projects made land more valuable in places like . Ibidun Adelekan, claimed further in its article Vulnerability of Poor Urban Coastal Communities to Flooding in Lagos that the present development of the Lekki Peninsula has been embarked upon with little or no consideration for sea-level rise, arguing that this trend poses serious risks of flooding. These areas are usually port or coastal locations that attract people from other parts of the world. Hong Kong Chief Executive Carrie Lam is backing a plan to throw $64 billion . Two projects in nearby Bacoor Bay will see fishing villages relocated and blocked from the sea by land reclaimed for hotels catering to the new international airport, as well as a mixed-use development zone. 86 of 1992, which guides such projects. But when it becomes rampant and reckless, the people must resist it because usurping natural settings could be disastrous in the long run, he said. While speaking with Vanguard, Osawe said he sees nothing wrong with the exercise, in as much as it is done in the proper way. Farms are generally small and scattered and use simple tools and shifting cultivation. This could lead to the reduction in species composition and diversity of aquatic resources. These activities are economically beneficial to farmers, but inimical to the environment. The results of the physico-chemical analysis and the species abundance test were derived as shown in Figure 9. Presence of sediments leads to the gradual formation of terrestrial areas, which becomes the habitat for plants. Political Map of Nigeria Map based on a UN map. Public Law 95-87 requires that the AML section reclaim . This estimate was made using Arc GIS [9]. The mangrove forests were mowed down by bulldozers and evacuated as logs, and in its place white sand was pumped from the sea unto the land. Ben Ayade for allowing a level playing field at the Cross River North senatorial election of Feb. 25. There's money to be made in moving land to the right place. As a result, offshore systems such as coral reefs and eel grass beds are readily degraded. It is a strategy for protecting or restoring the function, structure and species composition of an ecosystem while providing for its sustainable socioeconomic use. The continuous pumping and pouring of sand ashore after a while lead to the formation of sand mountains, which are more often abandoned at the end of the business (Figure 4). Some small towns, notably Minna, Uyo, Makurdi, Maiduguri, and Bauchi, experienced remarkable growth in population and economy after becoming state capitals. It also changes the coastal structure and lead to flooding of upland areas. Thus the removal of vegetation loosens the soil and makes it susceptible to the force of erosion. But a land or coastal area that has been plundered and polluted may loss its economic value [2]. Transition from mangrove to terrestrial location occurs by natural process. In a classical case of land recuperation after landscape reclamation at Eagle Island in the Niger Delta, recruitment occurred through natural process within a space of 13years. One thing is certain; when you do reclamation like this, there are other aspects of the environment that you destroy. CTRL + SPACE for auto-complete. Introductory Chapter: Landscape Reclamation as a K Department of Animal and Environmental Biology, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria. Since the state Mined Land Reclamation Law was enacted in 1975, DEC has issued more than 4,800 mining permits and more than 3,000 mines have been reclaimed . Coastal sites are preferred by land speculators because they usually off-city limits and isolated from the rest of the population. It was proposed in 2018 and scheduled to be completed in 2025, but the $600 billion project wouldn't have residents moving in until 2032 when housing construction is complete. Israeli police clashed Wednesday with protesters rallying against the government's judicial reform programme which critics say threatens democracy, as lawmakers held a preliminary vote on the latest controversial bill. By Jason Gordon, Adam S. Willcox, A.E. Land is regarded in this area as the best form of asset investment because of the prestige attached to its ownership. The entry of big machinery into the swamp had added more stress to the coast by destroying many soil-dwelling and benthic organisms. Diamond Island is also seen as a cradle of commercial activities because the plots of lands there are available and meant for commercial, industrial and also residential activities. A study found land-reclamation projects shrank the number of mangroves in Tubli Bay, off Bahrain's east coast. I have this example for you. This affects the survival of soil-dwelling organisms by increasing the acidity and alkalinity of the soil. Advertisement The tender for the. Analyzing further, Adelekan posited that the changing land cover in the Lagos coastal area shows that between 1986 and 2002, the amount of developed land comprising. Our team is growing all the time, so were always on the lookout for smart people who want to help us reshape the world of scientific publishing. A study was carried out on impact of land reclamation through sand mining of coastal communities in Ikate and Ilubirin in Lagos, Nigeria. The Governors of each states of the federation hold the land in trust for the Federal Government, and are entitled to be the sole signatory of all certificate of occupancy (C of O) before a piece of land is legally owned by an individual or group of individuals. This means they would be the ready pool of labour for construction projects and their tenements will be enhanced by the investment flowing into the site., Allaying the fears of the people, the commissioner said: The Lagos state government, as a responsible entity, pursues a policy of ensuring that Environmental Impact Assessment is done by every individual or corporate body that seeks to embark on projects. by SurefireFashion: 11:32pm On Mar 17, 2017 following Re: List Of Igbo Towns In Nigeria. On the Eko Atlantic project, the Managing Director of South Energyx Ltd., David Frame said that the project has been fortified with a wall known as The Great Wall of Lagos, adding that the wall has the capability to ward off flood storms in hundreds/thousand years. Loss of trees leads to increased soil erosion and increased sedimentation of river. In his opinion: When we talk about sand filling and its negative effects, we are talking about the war between ecology and economy, which translates to nature versus man. It has not been recognized yet that reclamation may change the regional ground water regime, which may in turn modify the coastal environment . 08 February 2021 | In an assessment of over 136 port cities, the UN body ranked the city of Lagos as 38, Lagos Polytechnic signs MoU with IKEDC on the establishment of mini-power sub-station, Residents applaud FG over repairs of Mbiama-Yenagoa road in Bayelsa, APM Terminals relaunchs vessel inspection app, Minister calls for unbundling and reforms of Nigerian railway system, Rehabilitation of ports in Nigeria will cost will gulp $800 million- NPA MD, LASG restates commitment to robust climate infrastructure, AFDB offers Nigeria, others $1m to help decarbonize transportation systems, Lagos real estate firm to develop wide range of affordable housing units, Housing Deficit: FG should explore a sustainable mortgage system- Experts, FMBN has commissioned several residential houses in eight states, Fashola harps on effective construction and cost management, LASG budgets N482.86 billion on Infrastructure in 2023, Workers hold protests over failed housing scheme of FG, Renewable energy remains fastest way to tackle electricity crisis in Nigeria- Minister, NNPC invests N1.96 trillion into road infrastructure development, Electricity consumers condemn hike in electricity tariff. This chapter is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Landscape reclamation is intended for urban city expansion, road construction, housing project, crude oil exploration and sand mining. Invasion: this is as a result of the migration of people into coastal communities in search of new technologies that provide job opportunities. Minna. Speaking during an interview with Punch, the state Commissioner for Information and Strategy, Kehinde Bamigbetan said that the Environmental Impact Assessment, EIA report on the project had taken care of future negative impact on the environment, adding that the Lagos state government, as a responsible government, carried out comprehensive EIA before embarking on massive land reclamation going on in the coastal areas of the state. 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